Psychology Part II

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|a Psychology Part II |h [electronic resource].

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|c 04/14/2021.

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|a Is There a Relationship Between Digit Ratio and Sexual Excitation and Sexual Inhibition? An Empirical Investigation by Elizabeth Schaeffer. The current study investigated whether digit ratio scores predict performance on the Sexual Inhibition/Sexual Excitation Scales. The hypothesis was that 1) there is a negative correlation between the participants’ digit ratio scores and scores on the SIS/SES, and 2) digit ratio measurements predict scores on the SIS/SES. The participants (N=40) were SUNY Oswego students and members of the Oswego, NY community. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire that asked about weight, height, and current medications and provided hair, nail, saliva, and blood samples for use in peripheral testosterone measurement. To measure digit ratio, participants’ hands were marked at the lowest joint crease and scanned using a Canon flatbed document scanner. Digit ratio was calculated by measuring the length of the index finger and dividing it by the length of the ring finger to the nearest millimeter. The last step of the study was to have the participants complete the SIS/SES questionnaire. This within subjects design used both Pearson’s Correlations and a linear regression analysis. Data analysis is currently ongoing.

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|a Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Periaqueductal Gray Area (PAG) and Lateral Hypothalamus (LH) in Association to Threat Bias in Anxiety Disorders by Kelsey Roberts. The periaqueductal grey area (PAG) and the lateral hypothalamus (LH) are highly involved in processing pain and fear. This study evaluated the resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the PAG and LH in healthy controls (HC) and patients with anxiety related disorders (PAD). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and behavioral data were obtained from the Nathan Kline Institute - Rockland Sample. Participants completed a 5-minute resting fMRI scan and a dot-probe task outside the scanner. The dot-probe task consisted of two faces (threatening or neutral) appearing on a screen, one of which would be replaced by a dot that required a button press. Threat bias was computed as the difference in reaction time (RT) between the dot replacing the neutral faces and the threatening faces (i.e., RT in neutral – RT in threat). Positive threat bias reflects faster response for threatening faces that might indicate severe pain and anxiety. The rsFC of the whole brain connectivity showed no differences of the PAG or LH rsFC between both HC and PAD. Regression analysis showed negative correlations between the left PAGputamen rsFC and Threat Bias, and the right LH-inferior frontal gyrus rsFC and Threat Bias in PAD but not in HC. Regression analysis also showed a positive correlation between the right LH-posterior dorsal anterior cingulate cortex rsFC and Threat Bias in PAD but not HC. These connectivities may serve as an important neural indicator of anxiety disorders.

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|a Joint Decision Making in the Monty Hall Dilemma by Maya Herr. The Monty Hall Dilemma is one that many people may have seen, but they are often not aware of the probabilities behind it. The MHD involves a simple task where participants choose a door, have all but one other door revealed, and then are offered the option to choose either their initial choice or the remaining door. The most effective strategy is to always switch doors, but participants often fail to switch, even arguing that staying is the superior strategy. Our experiment consists of two people, each making one decision out of the two (initial door pick, second door pick after one is taken away). This is to study the effect of an additional presence and joint decision making in the MHD. We hoped that both bias and teamwork might allow participants to better understand the strategy behind the Monty Hall Dilemma and provide insight into the underlying mechanism of their beliefs.

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|a Delayed Response Time and Prize Value in the Monty Hall Dilemma by Caesar Mejia. The Monty Hall dilemma is a probability puzzle, depending on a participant’s understanding and practical application of Bayesian inferential statistics. Though inferential statistics are a basic technique utilized by people on a regular basis with little to no conscious effort, Monty Hall Dilemma continually exposes errors and biases found in the cognitive process of decision-making. The current study aims to address these errors by manipulating the conditions that researchers believe give rise to these defects in the decision-making process. We hypothesized that by extending the duration of time for a response and exploiting the values of the “prize” factor through various stages of the experiment will affect strategy adoption in the Monty Hall Dilemma.

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|a Exploring Cross-Cultural Perceptions of Mental Health Using Free Recall by Maysarah Mohamed. The topics of mental illness and mental health are core areas of psychology, relevant to people from all age groups. Mental health influences how people feel, think, speak, and how they handle challenges in their lives. In our study, we are most interested in examining the connection between mental illness and trauma among different cultures by examining linguistic patterns. It has been established that language impacts the way people view different aspects about the world they live in. People who speak different languages have different perspectives, and their language influences their thought process. To explore the effects of language on mental health and trauma, we used a method known as free recall, where participants are given a category and attempt to recall as many words as possible from that category in a limited amount of time. Arabic and English speaking participants were invited to participate using categories of mental illness and trauma.

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|a Session II Chair: Gilian Tenbergen

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|a SUNY Oswego.

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|a Collected for SUNY Oswego Institutional Repository by the online self-submittal tool. Submitted by Zach Vickery.

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|a Quest 2021.

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|a Psychology.

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|a SUNY Oswego.

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|a Schaeffer, Elizabeth. |4 spk

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|a Roberts, Kelsey. |4 spk

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|a Herr, Maya. |4 spk

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|a Mejia, Caesar. |4 spk

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|a Mohamed, Maysarah. |4 spk

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|a Tenbergen, Gilian. |4 spk

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|a Oswego Digital Library.

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|a Quest.

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|a OswegoDL |c Quest

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|u https://digitallibrary.oswego.edu/AA00000296/00001 |y Electronic Resource

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|a https:/digitallibrary.oswego.edu/content/AA/00/00/02/96/00001/BIO_QUEST_2021_Final_Draft - Kelsey Robertsthm.jpg

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|a Quest